EMISSIONEN AUS BIOMASSEFEUERUNGEN -
RAUCHGASREINIGUNG UND WÄRMERÜCKGEWINNUNG
BIOENERGY-DAY
VITA
Dominik Steiner geb. 8.12.1978
verheiratet, 2 Kinder
1993 – 1997 Lehre als Elektroinstallateur 1997 – 2001 Abend-HTL Elektrotechnik
2001 – 2005 FH-Wels, Bio- und Umwelttechnik
2004 – 2005 UMA St. Pölten, Management und Umwelt 2007 – 2011 TU Wien, Dissertation Verfahrenstechnik
1997 – 2005 Tätigkeiten im Bereich Gebäudeautomation und Energieconsulting
seit 2005 Scheuch GmbH
2005 – 2011 Abteilung F&E
07-12/2011 tätig für Scheuch Inc., London, ON, Canada seit 2012 Anlagentechnik Energieindustrie
SCHEUCH GMBH
AUROLZMÜNSTER, AUSTRIA
Scheuch GmbH
Zahlen & Fakten
Eigentümer Scheuch Privatstiftung (Familie Scheuch)
Geschäftsführer DI Stefan Scheuch (Technik, Produktion, QM, IT)
DI Jörg Jeliniewski (Vertrieb, Personal, Finanzen, Marketing)
MitarbeiterInnen 665 in Aurolzmünster 785 Scheuch Gruppe Umsatz EUR 139,6 Mio.
Aufwand F&E EUR 3 Mio. p.a.
Exportanteil 75 %
Hr. Stefan Scheuch (li.), Hr. Jörg Jeliniewski
SCHEUCH AND BIOMASS - EMISSION CONTROLS
Fans Conveying and Discharge Devices Bag Filters
(Dry Sorption)
ESP‘s Wet and Dry
Scrubbers
Cyclones/MC Energy Recovery
BIOMASS ≠ BIOMASS
Pellets
Wood Chips
Bark
Whole Trees
EFB
Empty Fruit Bunches
Sunflower Hulls
Coffee Ground
Nut Shells
Woody Biomass Non-Woody Biomass
BIOMASS COMBUSTION EMISSIONS
Compound Formula Origin Primary control
(PC)
Secondary control (SC)
Wooden biomass
Carbon dioxide CO2 Carbon in fuel - - -
Carbon
monoxide CO Unburned Carbon in fuel
Staged com- bustion / Design
Primary control
sufficient -
Hydrocarbons CXHY carbon/hydrogen Unburned Good combustion Primary control
sufficient -
Nitrogen oxides NOX N in fuel and prompt/thermal NOx
Staged
combustion / FGR
SNCR or even SCR (for N-rich fuels)
No SC needed Hydrogen
chloride HCl Cl in fuel Fuel with less Cl Dry sorption (for Cl-rich fuels)
No SC needed Sulfur oxides SOX S in fuel Fuel with less S Dry sorption
(for S-rich fuels)
No SC needed
Particulate
matter PM Ash content of fuel/
Unburned fuel
Low velocities in fuel bed, good
combustion
Centrifugal separators, bag
filters, ESPs
(scrubbers)
PARTICLE FORMATION
4) BIEDERMANN,F., OBERNBERGER, I.; (2005) Ash-related Problems during Biomass Combustion and Possibilities for a Sustainable Ash Utilisation, in Proceedings of the International Conference “World Renewable Energy Congress” (WREC), May, Aberdeen, Scotland, Elsvier Ltd., Oxford, UK
PARTICLE SIZES –
WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?
PM PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
5) OBERNBERGER, I., BRUNNER, T., JÖLLER, M. (EDITORS); (2003) Final Report: Aerosols in fixed-bed biomass combustion - formation, growth, chemical composition, deposition, precipitation and separation from flue gas: Project No.: NNE5-1999-00114; available at: http://www.bios-bioenergy.at
Coarse Fly Ash Aerosols
ASH FRACTIONS
Obernberger, I.: (2005) Asche aus Biomassefeuerungen – Charakteristik und Aufbereitung; Presentation at “Verwertung von Aschen aus Biomasseheizanlagen“ Tagung, Download: , 17.11.2011
Coarse ash coarse fly ash PM10
Centrifugal separator Secondary control ESP or Bag Filter Combustion chamber
AEROSOL EMISSIONS –
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Sommersacher, P., Brunner, Th., Obernberger, I. (2012) „Fuel Indexes: A Novel Method for the Evaluation of Relevant Combustion Properties of New Biomass Fuels” ; Energy&Fuels 2012 - 26, p. 380−390
Sunflower Hulls
Almond Nut Shells
Coffee Ground
CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR
Operating Principle: centrifugal force
Axial type
(Multicyclone) Tangential type
Particles accelerated towards separator wall
Removed particles move downwards due to gravity and flue gas flow
ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION
Operating Principle: electrostatic force
Particles precipitated at Collection Electrodes and removed via interval rapping
Discharge electrode
Discharge electrode
©Scheuch
FABRIC FILTER
Operating Principle: surface filtration (sieving, inertial impaction, diffusion, interception)
Particles are collected on media surface – removed via jet stream cleaning
FRACTIONAL SEPARATION EFFICIENCY
NON-WOODY BIOMASS
ASH MELTING BEHAVIOUR
− „antlers“ on DE tips
©Scheuch
INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
Redefining „Black Box“
ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEMS
ENERGY RECOVERY ON BIOMASS
BOILERS
ENERGY RECOVERY ON BIOMASS BOILERS
100°C
ECO 460 kW
Kondensator 940 kW
Kesselleistung 4600 kW 185 °C
20°C 39°C Umgebungsluft
Trocknerluft
zum ORC max. 60°C
80°C vom ORC 80 - 84°C
HT-Bündel NT-Bündel
30°C
THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS
ENERGY RECOVERY AND DEPLUMING
Energy Recovery with Depluming System
Example: Thalgau 2,5 MW
DEPLUMING SYSTEM
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
CONTACT: [email protected]
